Sunday, October 14, 2012

Scientists identify mammal model of bladder regeneration

ScienceDaily (Oct. 12, 2012) ? While it is well known that starfish, zebrafish and salamanders can re-grow damaged limbs, scientists understand very little about the regenerative capabilities of mammals. Now, researchers at Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center's Institute for Regenerative Medicine report on the regenerative process that enables rats to re-grow their bladders within eight weeks.

In PLOS ONE, a peer-reviewed, online publication, the scientists characterize this unique model of bladder regeneration with the goal of applying what they learn to human patients.

"A better understanding of the regenerative process at the molecular and cellular level is a key to more rapid progress in applying regenerative medicine to help patients," said George Christ, Ph.D., senior researcher and professor of regenerative medicine at Wake Forest Baptist.

In a previous study by Christ's team, research in rats showed that when about 75 percent of the animals' bladders were removed, they were able to regenerate a complete functional bladder within eight weeks. The current study focused on how the regeneration occurs.

"There is very little data on the mechanisms involved in organ regeneration in mammals," said Christ. "To our knowledge, bladder regeneration holds a unique position -- there is no other mammalian organ capable of this type of regeneration."

The ability of the liver to grow in size when lobes are removed is sometimes referred to as regeneration, but this is a misnomer, said co-author Bryon Petersen, Ph.D., who was a professor of regenerative medicine at Wake Forest Baptist during the period the research occurred. Instead, through a proliferation of cells, the remaining tissue grows to compensate for the lost size. In contrast, the hallmark of true regeneration is following nature's "pattern" to exactly duplicate size, form and function, Petersen said.

"If we can understand the bladder's regenerative process, the hope is that we can prompt the regeneration of other organs and tissues where structure is important -- from the intestine and spinal cord to the heart," said Petersen.

The current study showed that the animals' bodies responded to injury by increasing the rate at which certain cells divided and grew. The most notable proliferative response occurred initially in the urothelium, the layer of tissue that lines the bladder.

As the proliferative activity in the bladder lining waned, it continued elsewhere: in the fibrous band (lamina propria) that separates the bladder lining from the bladder muscles and in the bladder muscle itself.

The researchers have several theories about how the process works, said Christ. One possibility is that cells in the bladder lining transition and become a type of stem cell that can proliferate throughout the bladder. Other theories are that cells in the bladder lining signal other cells to replicate and that injury prompts stem cells to arrive through the blood stream to repair the bladder damage.

In future studies, the scientists will work to identify the exact regenerative process and will expand the work into mice. The ability to breed mice that lack specific genes will enable the team to explore how genes and proteins may affect the regenerative process and possibly help identify therapies to prompt regeneration.

The research was supported by the National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases under award number R21DK081832.

Co-researchers were Charles C. Peyton, M.D., lead author, David Burmeister, Ph.D., and Karl-Erik Andersson, M.D., Ph.D., of Wake Forest Baptist. Peterson is now at the University of Florida and an adjunct professor at Wake Forest Baptist.

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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Charles C. Peyton, David Burmeister, Bryon Petersen, Karl-Erik Andersson, George Christ. Characterization of the Early Proliferative Response of the Rodent Bladder to Subtotal Cystectomy: A Unique Model of Mammalian Organ Regeneration. PLoS ONE, 2012; 7 (10): e47414 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047414

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/most_popular/~3/MTGTwYJXzIc/121013174119.htm

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Bizarre alien super-Earth planet probably made of diamond

The alien planet, a so-called 'super-Earth,' is called 55 Cancri e and was discovered in 2004 around a nearby star in our Milky Way galaxy.

By Clara Moskowitz,?SPACE.com / October 11, 2012

Illustration of the interior of 55 Cancri e ? an extremely hot planet with a surface of mostly graphite surrounding a thick layer of diamond, below which is a layer of silicon-based minerals and a molten iron core at the center.

Haven Giguere

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Move over, Hope Diamond. The most famous gems on Earth have new competition in the form of a planet made largely of diamond, astronomers say.

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The alien planet, a so-called "super-Earth," is called?55 Cancri e?and?was discovered in 2004 around a nearby star in our Milky Way galaxy. After estimating the planet's mass and radius, and studying its host star's composition, scientists now say the rocky world is composed mainly of carbon (in the form of diamond and graphite), as well as iron, silicon carbide, and potentially silicates.

At least a third of the planet's mass is likely pure diamond.

"This is our first glimpse of a rocky world with a fundamentally different chemistry from Earth," lead researcher Nikku Madhusudhan of Yale University said in a statement. "The surface of this planet is likely covered in graphite and diamond rather than water and granite."

55 Cancri e is the first likely "diamond planet" to be identified around a sun-like star, though such worlds have been theorized before. Planets like this are vastly different from our Earth, which has relatively little carbon.

"By contrast, Earth?s interior is rich in oxygen, but extremely poor in carbon ? less than a part in thousand by mass," said study co-author and Yale geophysicist Kanani Lee.

55 Cancri e is what's known as a?super-Earth, with a radius twice as wide as that of our own planet, and a mass eight times greater. It speeds around its host star, making a full orbit in just 18 hours (Earth takes 365 days). It is so close in to the star that its surface temperature reaches a scorching 3,900 degrees Fahrenheit (2,100 degrees Celsius), making it probably way too hot for life. [Oozing Super-Earth: Images of Alien Planet 55 Cancri e]

Previous studies of this planet suggested it might actually be?covered with oozing "supercritical fluids"?? high-pressure liquid-like gases ? seeping out from its rocks. But this idea was based on the assumption that 55 Cancri e had a similar chemical makeup as Earth, Madhusudhan said. The new findings suggest the planet has no water at all.

The revelation of the planet's diamond nature means that it could have very different thermal evolution and plate tectonics processes than Earth, which could create bizarre types of volcanism, seismic activity, and mountain formation. ?

55 Cancri e is one of five planets encircling a sun-like star called 55 Cancri, which lies about 40 light-years from Earth in the constellation of Cancer. This star is so close it is visible to the naked eye in the night sky.

The researchers hope to make follow-up observations of this star system to better determine the star's composition and to analyze 55 Cancri e's atmosphere. This information could bolster the idea that the planet is a diamond world.

A paper reporting the new findings has been accepted for publication in the journal Astrophysical Journal Letters.

You can follow SPACE.com assistant managing editor Clara Moskowitz on Twitter?@ClaraMoskowitz.?Follow SPACE.com on Twitter?@Spacedotcom. We're also on?Facebook?&?Google+.

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/feeds/science/~3/PjaAswjvUJU/Bizarre-alien-super-Earth-planet-probably-made-of-diamond

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Obama, Romney Take Time Off Trail for Debate Prep

WILLIAMSBURG, Va. - President Obama and GOP nominee Mitt Romney are taking time off the campaign trail to prep for Tuesday's presidential debate, a sign of the importance of their second face-off, which comes just three weeks before Election Day.

Obama is spending three days huddled with advisers in the battleground state of Virginia, hunkering down at the luxury Kingsmill Resort along the James River in historic Williamsburg. Romney, meanwhile, is preparing in the Boston area.

After his lackluster showing in Denver, advisers say the president is looking forward to answering questions from the American people in round two, which adopts a town hall format.

"The question is not just which candidate connects with the questioner, but who has the better policies for the American people for the next four years and on that front the president has a great advantage," a senior Obama campaign adviser said.

Over the last two weeks, the Obama campaign has launched more aggressive attacks against Romney, casting him as an extreme conservative trying to reinvent himself as a moderate just weeks before the election.

"Governor Romney has been making pitches all of his life," the adviser said. "He knows how to say what people want to hear, whether that was during his time at Bain [Capital] or during the dozens of town halls he did during the primary."

While both candidates are forgoing campaign events and rallies to study for the debate, both campaigns launched new campaign ads over the weekend.

- Mary Bruce and Jake Tapper

Also Read

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/obama-romney-time-off-trail-debate-prep-162249195--abc-news-politics.html

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TSX marks worst week in four months

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Saturday, October 13, 2012

Blind Chinese activist says nephew could face unfair trial

BEIJING (Reuters) - Blind legal activist Chen Guangcheng said on Saturday that Chinese police had sent the case of his nephew, charged with intentional infliction of injury, to the state prosecutor, paving the way for what he expects will be an unfair trial.

The case of Chen Guangcheng's nephew, Chen Kegui, has renewed international focus on China's human rights and legal system.

Chen has been held incommunicado by police for over five months and has been denied access to his choice of lawyers. His case is widely seen as illegitimate by Chen's family and human rights advocates.

Chen Guangcheng's escape from house arrest in northeastern China in April and subsequent refuge in the U.S. embassy caused huge embarrassment for China, and led to a serious diplomatic rift between the two superpowers.

Chen Kegui was initially charged with "intentional homicide" for using knives to fend off local officials who burst into his home on April 27, the day after they discovered his uncle had escaped.

Chen Guangcheng told Reuters he believed the police downgraded the charge because they had no evidence to build a case of "intentional homicide" against his nephew.

"Judging from the current situation, my confidence in Chen Kegui getting a fair hearing has dropped a lot," Chen Guangcheng said by telephone in New York, where he is now studying law.

Chen Guangcheng said the central government has failed to live up to its promise in May to investigate officials in Shandong whom he accused of engineering the "years of illegal persecution" against him and his family.

"It's been five months, I haven't heard any news about the investigation against Shandong," he said. "Instead I hear that Chen Kegui's case has been sent to the prosecutor, this piece of news in itself is problematic. So how can I not feel that my confidence has been lowered?"

Police in Yinan in Shandong, where Chen Kegui is held in a detention center, were not immediately available for comment.

The prosecutor "almost always accepts the recommendation" made by the police, said Jerome Cohen, an expert in Chinese law from New York University.

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"This makes Chen (Kegui)'s prosecution and conviction highly likely," Cohen said in an emailed statement.

Chen Kegui's family-appointed lawyer, Ding Xikui, said he will travel to Yinan next week to see his client, adding that he could not say for certain the maximum sentence that Chen Kegui faces as he has not reviewed the case or seen his client.

The proceedings against Chen Kegui will be a good test case of whether Chinese leaders are intent on enforcing the rule of law and enacting reforms, said Chen Guangcheng.

"I think that if the authorities, at this point, once again don't make the correct choice and once again refuse to safeguard social justice and continue maintaining their own privileges, they are inadvertently announcing to the world: 'You ordinary folk, we just don't want to enforce the rule of law, we want to make hostages out of you ordinary people," Chen said.

After four years in jail on what he and his supporters say were trumped-up charges designed to end his activism, Chen was released in 2010 and put under house arrest in Shandong.

Chen had accused Shandong officials in 2005 of forcing women to have late-term abortions and sterilizations to comply with China's strict family-planning policies. He was charged with whipping up a crowd that disrupted traffic and damaged property.

(Reporting by Sui-Lee Wee; Editing by Michael Perry)

(c) Copyright Thomson Reuters 2012. Check for restrictions at: http://about.reuters.com/fulllegal.asp

Source: http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/49399325/ns/world_news-asia_pacific/

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MooresCloud Light runs Linux, puts LAMP on your lamp (video)

MooresCloud Light runs Linux, puts LAMP on your lamp video

Yes, we'll admit that we borrowed that pun in the title. MooresCloud founder Mark Pesce's Xzibit reference is still a very apt description of the Light, his company's Linux-based LED lamp. The Australian team's box-shaped illumination runs the open OS (including a LAMP web server stack) on an integrated mini PC with an accelerometer and WiFi. The relative power and networking provide obvious advantages for home automation that we've seen elsewhere, but it's the sheer flexibility of a generalized, web-oriented platform that makes the difference: the Light can change colors based on photos or movement, sync light pulses to music and exploit a myriad of other tricks that should result from a future, web-based app store. When and how the Light launches will depend on a Kickstarter campaign to raise $700,000 AUD ($717,621 US) starting on October 16th, although the $99 AUD ($101 US) cost is just low enough that we could see ourselves open-sourcing a little more of the living room. At least, as long as we don't have to recompile our lamp kernel before some evening reading.

Continue reading MooresCloud Light runs Linux, puts LAMP on your lamp (video)

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MooresCloud Light runs Linux, puts LAMP on your lamp (video) originally appeared on Engadget on Sat, 13 Oct 2012 10:25:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.

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Source: http://www.engadget.com/2012/10/13/moorescloud-light-runs-linux-puts-lamp-on-your-lamp/

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Friday, October 12, 2012

Cocktail Thursday: Breaking Bad Edition - Dawg Sports

In 6 years, no one else has filled in for MaconDawg on Cocktail Thursday, and with all the doom and gloom, and the apparent lack of funds for UGA, I thought maybe we needed to branch out like Mr. Heisenberg: get Evil Richt to grow out his goatee and do a little fund raising to get a state of the art baseball facility. I mean, someone had to break bad around here.

After surgery, our favorite go to wide receiver Michael Bennett tweeted, "I feel like a million bucks on these pain meds!" Which I found interesting, as I had told the staff earlier this week if I did Cocktail Thursday, it "maybe the blow, ice and grass with a beer edition". I said this immediately after trying to bring everything down a notch from last Saturday's live thread. After all, sometimes you need real pain relief. Or maybe that stuff is what some folks were on when they lost their mind last weekend. Furthermore, alternative, albeit illegal, recreation has been a pastime of some Georgia players. Hey, maybe we can turn this thing into profit! The Board of Regents and Michael Adams will be thrilled like after Saturday's loss, and we'll get a new baseball park with our ill gotten gains! However, we at DawgSports do not promote or condone the use of illegal drugs or non-prescribed medication*. So we'll have to stick with a tasty and also multi purposed beverage.

Speaking of pain medication, there was the Bayer aspirin commercial back in the 80s that said "When asked, 9 out of 10 Doctors said they would choose Bayer aspirin if stranded on a deserted island." As a young Boy Scout with a survivalist mentality, I asked my Moms, a Registered Nurse, what she would want if stranded on a deserted island. Her answer: A bottle of liquor. She then explained, "It can clean a wound, help start a fire, and well, if you got pain, it can fix that too." Funny the things that stick in a childhood memory, and really, as someone with a lot of survival training, it wasn't a bad answer. We do need a little survival mentality ourselves right now to push through the back half of this football year. So, as I was thinking on this week's concoction, I talked with a psychologist friend of mine, and I learned it has been shown men are usually only taught one form of socially accepted emotional expression: anger.

When you break bad, there is usually a lot of anger involved, and there was a lot of anger being poured out after last Saturday's game. I know. I get it. I feel ya. However, I think what we were really feeling wasn't anger, it was a big sad. In fact, what I think we felt was a Shot Through The Heart. Take a high ball glass and fill it with ice. Pour in 2 ounces of high test pure grain liquor, like Everclear. Fill the glass with Passion Fruit juice, and then drizzle in about ? oz of grenadine. Stir and garnish with a who cares. You could pour this in a cocktail shaker and give it just one shake, but why bother with all the extra execution? Execution is overrated anyways. We'll have to work on our advanced execution next week while this week we work on fundamentals (of the blocking and tackling variety). Why Everclear? Because you drank all that high dollar bourbon last week, don't lie to me, the cabinet is getting bare, your pocket is thin with all the bets you lost, and it would make a great choice for your survival pack. It's probably what those yahoos were drinking when they got stupid at Aaron Murray's crib last week. Passion fruit juice? That's subterfuge, required in all breaking bad activities, and to trick yourself into thinking it's something it's not, like full of energy, vim and vigor. Maybe it will give us the boost we need; something has got to do it after all. And why grenadine? Well, that's the last crap laying around in your cabinet now back from that time you thought Tequila Sunrises were a cool drink. It will also be a way of making your guests think you're making a real tropical beverage. Which you're not. You're just killing the pain with 180 proof. **

In the meantime, feel free to use this as an open thread to discuss anything you want, particularly just how bad tonight's games are. Or anything else that suits you. Until next week...

GO DAWGS!

* This is for humorous purposes only, do not use, make or sell drugs

** As always, drink responsibly, tip your wait staff and stay away from electronic communication devices as required.

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

Source: http://www.dawgsports.com/2012/10/11/3490688/cocktail-thursday-breaking-bad-edition

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Glenn Beck's empty SUV crashes down NY hill

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This Satellite Image Makes Dubai Look Like a Toy Town [Image Cache]

This image, acquired by France's Pleiades satellite, makes Dubai look like a well lit diorama table. Given its absurd skyscrapers, ridiculous fountains and insanely sculpted town planning, perhaps that should come as no surprise. [ESA] More »


Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/gizmodo/full/~3/hjxljy2qx4g/this-satellite-image-makes-dubai-look-like-a-toy-town

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Thursday, October 11, 2012

NTT DoCoMo unveils winter lineup, pushes big displays, LTE, quad-cores and NFC payments

NTT DoCoMo unveils winter collection big displays, LTE, quadcores and NFC payments are all so chica

Just as the air begins to chill, NTT DoCoMo has announced its forthcoming line-up for release in November and December, including nine smartphones, four feature phones and a tablet. As the Japanese populace would no doubt demand, all of the bigger smartphones -- from the 4.7-inch Arrows V F-04E through to the 5.5-inch Galaxy Note II -- come with 1,280 x 720 displays, a healthy degree of water- and dust-proofing, plus decent quad-core credentials. The new Aquos Phone Zeta SH-02E stands out for its low-power 4.9-inch IGZO panel and 16-megapixel camera, while the Arrows Tab F-05E 10-inch tablet packs a 1,980 x 1200 display and what sounds like the latest 1.7GHz iteration of Tegra 3 (as seen in the HTC One X+). It's also interesting to a see a Korean-style variant of the Galaxy S III (the Alpha SC-03E) packing a souped-up 1.6GHz Exynos chip and 2GB RAM. In related news, NTT has also announced that it's parterning with Mastercard PayPass and will offer the contactless payment system for Japanese customers travelling abroad by fall next year -- and indeed all the new smartphones are NFC-equipped. Click the first source link below for the full run-down.

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NTT DoCoMo unveils winter lineup, pushes big displays, LTE, quad-cores and NFC payments originally appeared on Engadget on Thu, 11 Oct 2012 10:12:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.

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Source: http://feeds.engadget.com/~r/weblogsinc/engadget/~3/TPALpFl0Nqw/

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Indonesian police on alert ahead of Bali bombs anniversary

JAKARTA (Reuters) - Indonesian police have warned of possible attacks on commemorations for the tenth anniversary of bomb blasts on the island of Bali and have brought in reinforcements to protect the thousands due to attend, including Australia's prime minister.

The October 12, 2002, attacks on nightclubs in Bali's tourist district killed 202 people. The blasts were a watershed for Indonesia, which has the world's largest Muslim population, forcing the secular state to confront the presence of violent Islamists.

Indonesia has been largely successful in containing militancy and there have been no big attacks on Western targets since 2009, when suicide bombers attacked two hotels in the capital, Jakarta, killing nine people and wounding 53.

But the warning over Friday's commemoration, which Australian Prime Minister Julia Gillard and Indonesian President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono are due to attend, is a reminder of the lingering danger.

"From the information that we have gathered, there are indications of movements aimed at VIPs who will attend the event," Deputy Chief of Bali Police Ketut Untung Yoga Ana said on Wednesday. "Therefore, the police and army forces, including the community, have made sure their readiness."

Commemorations will be held in various parts of Bali including the Kuta Beach area where the nightclubs, packed with mostly young foreign tourists, were attacked.

Among the dead were 88 Australians. About 4,000 foreign visitors are due to attend the ceremonies.

Yoga Ana said police had brought in reinforcements from Jakarta and the military was also helping with security.

"There are 1,003 police officers in Bali and 118 personnel reinforcements from headquarters," he said.

"This excludes security officers for VIPs from the TNI which will be as many as 1,000 personnel," he added, referring to the armed forces.

After the bombings, security forces detained nearly 600 militants, most of whom have been jailed.

Three main perpetrators of the bombings, members of a Southeast Asian militant group allied with al Qaeda, were convicted and executed by firing squad in 2008.

In March, police shot dead five suspected militants planning attacks on Bali, including an assault on a night club popular with foreign tourists, the national counter-terrorism agency and police said.

(Reporting by Heru Asprihanto; Writing by Michael Taylor; Editing by Robert Birsel)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/indonesian-police-alert-ahead-bali-bombs-anniversary-064304003.html

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Wednesday, October 10, 2012

Do you want this? (I might make something) [Start Consulting]

I might make a consulting resource kit video

?

[Note #1:?I?m thinking about giving away a free product for you, but it?s going to take some significant time to put together. But before I go crazy making this thing, I want to make sure you actually want it (so I don't feel like an idiot). More details near the bottom of the article.]

[Note #2: In case you?re wondering, this post is a follow-up to this post,?which received a FLOOD of e-mail responses. BTW, I respond to each and every comment and e-mail from you.]

In the video below, I talk about how I?became a consultant, and how creating my consulting business completely transformed my life; at the end, I also talk about something that I might make and give away at no cost?if there are enough of you who are interested and sign up for it.

During the video, you?ll want to pay special attention and see if you can spot where I talk about the ?funeral incident? and the ?diamond toothbrush?.

In the video, I talk about some of the problems and questions you?ve been struggling with, such as:

  • doubts & fears
  • Do I need credentials to start a consulting business?
  • How much cash do I need to get started?
  • Do I need to specialize, and if so, how do I find a profitable niche?
  • What?s the best way to create a proposal and estimate?
  • And on and on.

One of the best things about a consulting business is that not only do you get to help others, but you?ll be able to create the lifestyle that you?ve been dreaming of?with more freedom, flexibility, financial security, and earning more money along the way.

You?ve told me that those are the kinds of changes you?d like to create in your own life, now?

I?m thinking of building a free resource kit, but like I said in the macaroni & cheese article, I?m a bit of a perfectionist. So, I?m only going to create the kit if enough of you?at least a couple hundred people?say they?re interested.

If enough people want the resource kit, I?ll build it and send it out to everyone who signed up?at no charge.

So what do you think? Are you interested? If this sounds like something you?d want, sign up in the form below.

Source: http://startmyconsultingbusiness.com/do-you-want-this-i-might-make-something/

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FTM Upgrade Created Duplicate Trees on Ancestry via SYNC ...

I upgraded/installed the newest FTM MAC 2012 upgrade ... after installation and looking at my tree on FTM, I got a message that it was NOT synced with ancestry.com (my previous FTM program WAS SYNCED). So, I told FTM to "sync" my trees!

Then, while researching for records on ancestry.com I get messages that I already saved "such & such" document to "whatever tree" ... and, I see my tree name twice! Yikes!

Is there an easy (safe) way to delete the new "duplicate" tree? This is something that will affect my entire tree! I see me going through thousands of profiles and I don't have time for that!

Source: http://boards.ancestry.co.uk/topics.software.famtreemaker/9054/mb.ashx

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Monday, October 8, 2012

Refresh Roundup: week of October 1st, 2012

Refresh Roundup: week of October 1st, 2012

Your smartphone and / or tablet is just begging for an update. From time to time, these mobile devices are blessed with maintenance refreshes, bug fixes, custom ROMs and anything in between, and so many of them are floating around that it's easy for a sizable chunk to get lost in the mix. To make sure they don't escape without notice, we've gathered every possible update, hack, and other miscellaneous tomfoolery we could find during the last week and crammed them into one convenient roundup. If you find something available for your device, please give us a shout at tips at engadget dawt com and let us know. Enjoy!

Continue reading Refresh Roundup: week of October 1st, 2012

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Refresh Roundup: week of October 1st, 2012 originally appeared on Engadget on Sun, 07 Oct 2012 21:00:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.

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Source: http://www.engadget.com/2012/10/07/refresh-roundup-week-of-october-1st-2012/

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Pope names 2 doctors of church, a top church honor

Pope Benedict XVI, standing on a car at right, waves to faithful as he is leaves after celebrating a mass for the opening of the synod of bishops in St. Peter's Square, at the Vatican, Sunday, Oct. 7 , 2012. Pope Benedict XVI has also named two new "doctors" of the church, conferring the Catholic Church's highest honor on a 16th-century Spanish preacher St. John of Avila, and to St. Hildegard of Bingen, and a 12th? century German mystic who wasn't even officially recognized as a saint until earlier this year. (AP Photo/Alessandra Tarantino)

Pope Benedict XVI, standing on a car at right, waves to faithful as he is leaves after celebrating a mass for the opening of the synod of bishops in St. Peter's Square, at the Vatican, Sunday, Oct. 7 , 2012. Pope Benedict XVI has also named two new "doctors" of the church, conferring the Catholic Church's highest honor on a 16th-century Spanish preacher St. John of Avila, and to St. Hildegard of Bingen, and a 12th? century German mystic who wasn't even officially recognized as a saint until earlier this year. (AP Photo/Alessandra Tarantino)

Bishops and cardinals attend a Mass celebrated by Pope Benedict XVI for the opening of the synod of bishops in St. Peter square at the Vatican, Sunday, Oct. 7 , 2012. (AP Photo/Alessandra Tarantino)

The tapestry of St. John of Avila hangs from the facade of St. Peter's Basilica during the opening of the synod of bishops in St. Peter's Square, at the Vatican, Sunday, Oct. 7 , 2012. Pope Benedict XVI has also named two new "doctors" of the church, conferring the Catholic Church's highest honor on a 16th-century Spanish preacher St. John of Avila, and to St. Hildegard of Bingen, and a 12th? century German mystic who wasn't even officially recognized as a saint until earlier this year. (AP Photo/Alessandra Tarantino)

The tapestry of St. Hildegard of Bingen hangs from the facade of St. Peter's Basilica during the opening of the synod of bishops in St. Peter's Square, at the Vatican, Sunday, Oct. 7, 2012. Pope Benedict XVI has also named two new "doctors" of the church, conferring the Catholic Church's highest honor on a 16th-century Spanish preacher St. John of Avila, and to St. Hildegard of Bingen, and a 12th? century German mystic who wasn't even officially recognized as a saint until earlier this year. (AP Photo/Alessandra Tarantino)

Pope Benedict XVI leads a Mass for the opening of the synod of bishops in St. Peter square at the Vatican, Sunday, Oct. 7, 2012. (AP Photo/Alessandra Tarantino)

(AP) ? Pope Benedict XVI named two new "doctors" of the church Sunday, conferring one of the Catholic Church's highest honors on a 16th-century Spanish preacher and a 12th-century German mystic who wasn't even officially recognized as a saint until earlier this year.

St. John of Avila, Spain, and St. Hildegard of Bingen, Germany, join the ranks of only 33 other church doctors who have been singled out over the course of Christianity for their contributions to and influence on Catholic doctrine.

Benedict named them doctors at the start of a Mass in St. Peter's Square that kicked off a two-week meeting of the world's bishops to chart the church's new evangelization mission.

The synod coincides with the 50th anniversary of the start of the Second Vatican Council, the 1962-65 church meetings that modernized the church.

Some 262 cardinals, bishops and priests from around the world are in Rome for the synod, the largest number ever. Cardinal Donald Wuerl, the archbishop of Washington, was named by Benedict to run the meeting.

Addressing a sea of green-robed clerics, Benedict said the aim of the synod was to help reawaken the faith among Catholics who have drifted away from the church.

He said this crisis of the faith was reflected in the "profound crisis" of an increasing number of failed marriages.

"Matrimony," he said, "is a Gospe

l in itself."

At the start of the Mass, Cardinal Angelo Amato, head of the Vatican's saint-making office, read aloud the reasons why the church was proclaiming St. John and St. Hildegard doctors, saying their "holiness and eminent doctrine" shine hundreds of years after they lived.

Benedict is particularly fond of Hildegard, who was considered a saint in his native Germany but was never officially proclaimed one by the Vatican. Benedict, who himself referred to Hildegard as a saint, earlier this year passed the decree making her one officially, a requirement for her to be named a church doctor.

The last church doctor named was St. Therese of Lisieux, France, in 1997. The first church doctors were Sts. Ambrose, Augustine, Jerome and Gregory the Great.

___

Follow Nicole Winfield at www.twitter.com/nwinfield

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/cae69a7523db45408eeb2b3a98c0c9c5/Article_2012-10-07-EU-Vatican-Doctors/id-8866051718a24a2595046da6c88482b9

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Video: Bank Earnings' Friday Kick Off

Sorry, Readability was unable to parse this page for content.

Source: http://video.msnbc.msn.com/cnbc/49331347/

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Blog Archive ? How To Create A Successful Web Marketing Program

Affiliate promotion is an ever-changing strategy in the online world. The history of affiliate promotion proves how effective and profitable it can be. With the right searching techniques, you can find out everything there is to know about online marketing. The following advice applies whether you are just starting out, or if you already have experience in affiliate promotion.

Before you select any web marketing program, you should investigate exactly how each company credits sales that are made outside the confines of the website. If you lead people to the company by mail or phone and your ID is not attached you will lose out on lots of commission.

If you desire to boost the sales related to your services or products, you should make a special site for your affiliates. Doing a good job promoting the affiliates you already have can lead to new affiliates being interested in your site. Affiliates who are unaware about your product can be attracted by using SEO in the proper manner.

Boost your sales by ensuring your site has plenty of links, but also be sure that those links are relevant to the content being provided. A visitor will not be happy if the link they clicked on did not take them to the destination that he or she thought it would. Ne matter how clever you are, these kinds of things will drive visitors away and make you look deceptive.

Having an accountant is important when starting a business. A CPA is not always necesssary; many fine accounting programs exist. Some accounting knowledge is beneficial so that you know companies are paying you properly. Get this program up and running before you start taking payments, so that you are ready from the beginning.

Many affiliate marketers diligently work towards success using the wrong style. They take on too many products, work up too many promotions, and spread themselves too thin to be effective in this highly competitive world. Remind yourself that your results can always be higher. You must put in a lot of time and effort in order to find a marketing approach that works for you.

You can improve the effectiveness of your web marketing program by holding a sweepstakes or contest on your site. This will attract internet users to your website, and also increase the chances of them returning to your website and referring their friends and family.

Make sure that your partners don?t take advantage of cookies, and certainly don?t do it yourself. At the very least, cookie stuffing will lose you a few customers. It can also break customer-tracking chains and spread viruses.

Using real-time statistics can be very helpful. These allow you to know how many people visit your website, and you will be able to track down how many people made purchases.

Some affiliate websites are much better than others. Some of these sites can be not so easy to navigate. Although a situation like this can be frustrating, a motivated worker won?t stop a badly designed site from making them money. You will create a business building trust with helpful information.

If you?re into affiliate marketing, make sure to make content sent to your mailing list appealing and useful. Before, people used to like receiving emails. Now people want to protect their emails. Design your newsletters with this in mind.

Many will then choose to unsubscribe and then you will lose customers and need new ones. To get and keep customers, open contact with your most proven marketing email.

Only put your stamp of approval on products you believe in. Whatever you recommend should be a reflection on your business. Based upon the reliability and quality of the products you recommend, your customers will form an opinion of you and your business. If you want to keep good customers, you have to promote excellent, fairly priced products.

Back-end sales are just as important as front-end sales when it comes to your web marketing success. If you spread the word about your favorite brand and influence others to buy its products, shouldn?t you receive a portion of the profits? Make sure that companies you involve yourself with include a commission for back-end sales.

Join other internet marketing companies in online communities in order to share tricks and tips as you try to learn new strategies. Many forums exist in which you can share ideas and find help for any difficulties you may be having.

The right affiliate promotion programs offer plenty of profit potential. Knowing how best to work these programs is key to reaping those profits

Tags: affiliate promotion, web marketing program

Source: http://joemcvoy.com/how-to-create-a-successful-web-marketing-program?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=how-to-create-a-successful-web-marketing-program

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Thursday, October 4, 2012

Baby bust continues: US births down for 4th year

HOLD FOR RELEASE AT 12:01 A.M.; Chart shows the decline in the number of U.S. births

HOLD FOR RELEASE AT 12:01 A.M.; Chart shows the decline in the number of U.S. births

(AP) ? U.S. births fell for the fourth year in a row, the government reported Wednesday, with experts calling it more proof that the weak economy has continued to dampen enthusiasm for having children.

But there may be a silver lining: The decline in 2011 was just 1 percent ? not as sharp a fall-off as the 2 to 3 percent drop seen in other recent years.

"It may be that the effect of the recession is slowly coming to an end," said Carl Haub, a senior demographer with the Population Reference Bureau, a Washington, D.C.-based research organization.

Most striking in the new report were steep declines in Hispanic birth rates and a new low in teen births. Hispanics have been disproportionately affected by the flagging economy, experts say, and teen birth rates have been falling for 20 years.

Falling births is a relatively new phenomenon in this country. Births had been on the rise since the late 1990s and hit an all-time high of more than 4.3 million in 2007.

But fewer than 4 million births were counted last year ? the lowest number since 1998.

Among the people who study this sort of thing, the flagging economy has been seen as the primary explanation. The theory is that many women or couples who are out of work, underemployed or have other money problems feel they can't afford to start a family or add to it.

The economy officially was in a recession from December 2007 until June 2009. But well into 2011, polls show most Americans remained gloomy, citing anemic hiring, a depressed housing market and other factors.

The report by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is a first glimpse at 2011 birth certificate data from state health departments. More analysis comes later but officials don't expect the numbers to change much.

Early data for 2012 is not yet available, and it's too soon to guess whether the birth decline will change, said the CDC's Stephanie Ventura, one of the study's authors.

Highlights of the report include:

?The birth rate for single women fell for the third straight year, dropping by 3 percent from 2010 to 2011. The birth rate for married women, however, rose 1 percent. In most cases, married women are older and more financially secure.

?The birth rate for Hispanic women dropped a whopping 6 percent. But it declined only 2 percent for black women, stayed the same for whites and actually rose a bit for Asian-American and Pacific Islanders.

?Birth rates fell again for women in their early 20s, down 5 percent from 2010 ? the lowest mark for women in that age group since 1940, when comprehensive national birth records were first compiled. For women in their late 20s, birth rates fell 1 percent.

?But birth rates held steady for women in their early 30s, and rose for moms ages 35 and older. Experts say that's not surprising: Older women generally have better jobs or financial security, and are more sensitive to the ticking away of their biological clocks.

?Birth rates for teen moms have been falling since 1991 and hit another historic low. The number of teen births last year ? about 330,000 ? was the fewest in one year since 1946. The teen birth rate fell 8 percent, and at 31 per 1,000 girls ages 15 through 19 was the lowest recorded in more than seven decades.

"The continued decline in the teen birth rates is astounding," said John Santelli, a Columbia University professor of population and family health.

Did the economy have anything to do with a drop in teen births?

Yes, indirectly, Santelli said. Teenagers watch the struggles and decisions that older sisters and older girlfriends are making, and what they see influences their thinking about sex and birth control, he said.

"Teens tend to emulate young adults," Santelli said. "They are less influenced directly by the economy than by people."

Studies show that since 2007, larger percentages of sexually active teenage girls are using the pill and other effective birth control. Studies also show a small decline in the proportion of girls ages 15 through 17 who say they've had sex, Santelli noted.

The new birth report also noted a fourth straight decline in a calculation of how many children women have over their lifetimes, based on the birth rates of a given year.

A rate of a little more than 2 children per woman means each couple is helping keep the population stable. The U.S. rate last year was slightly below 1.9.

Countries with rates close to 1 ? such as Japan and Italy ? face future labor shortages and eroding tax bases as they fail to reproduce enough to take care of their aging elders.

Officials here aren't as worried.

The U.S. replacement rate is still close to 2. And it has dropped in the past and then bounced back up again, said Ventura, an official at the CDC's National Center for Health Statistics.

"And we haven't seen any studies that show couples want to have fewer children or no children," she added.

One more report highlight: The U.S. C-section rate may have finally peaked at just under 33 percent, the same level as last year.

Cesarean deliveries are sometimes medically necessary. But health officials have worried that many C-sections are done out of convenience or unwarranted caution, and in the 1980s set a goal of keeping the national rate at 15 percent.

The C-section rate had been rising steadily since 1996, until it dropped slightly in 2010.

"It does suggest the upward trend may be halted," said Joyce Martin, a CDC epidemiologist who co-authored the new report. But CDC officials want a few more years of data before declaring victory, she added.

___

Online:

CDC report: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/bbd825583c8542898e6fa7d440b9febc/Article_2012-10-03-Birth%20Decline/id-41d73a7467cd451bbfbd62f6e5d627ca

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NASA Mars Curiosity rover prepares to study martian soil

ScienceDaily (Oct. 4, 2012) ? NASA's Curiosity rover is in a position on Mars where scientists and engineers can begin preparing the rover to take its first scoop of soil for analysis.

Curiosity is the centerpiece of the two-year Mars Science Laboratory mission. The rover's ability to put soil samples into analytical instruments is central to assessing whether its present location on Mars, called Gale Crater, ever offered environmental conditions favorable for microbial life. Mineral analysis can reveal past environmental conditions. Chemical analysis can check for ingredients necessary for life.

"We now have reached an important phase that will get the first solid samples into the analytical instruments in about two weeks," said Mission Manager Michael Watkins of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif. "Curiosity has been so well-behaved that we have made great progress during the first two months of the mission."

The rover's preparatory operations will involve testing its robotic scooping capabilities to collect and process soil samples. Later, it also will use a hammering drill to collect powdered samples from rocks. To begin preparations for a first scoop, the rover used one of its wheels Wednesday to scuff the soil to expose fresh material.

Next, the rover twice will scoop up some soil, shake it thoroughly inside the sample-processing chambers to scrub the internal surfaces, then discard the sample. Curiosity will scoop and shake a third measure of soil and place it in an observation tray for inspection by cameras mounted on the rover's mast. A portion of the third sample will be delivered to the mineral-identifying chemistry and mineralogy (CheMin) instrument inside the rover. From a fourth scoopful, samples will be delivered to both CheMin and to the sample analysis at Mars (SAM) instrument, which identifies chemical ingredients.

"We're going to take a close look at the particle size distribution in the soil here to be sure it's what we want," said Daniel Limonadi of JPL, lead systems engineer for Curiosity's surface sampling and science system. "We are being very careful with this first time using the scoop on Mars."

The rinse-and-discard cycles serve a quality-assurance purpose similar to a common practice in geochemical laboratory analysis on Earth.

"It is standard to run a split of your sample through first and dump it out, to clean out any residue from a previous sample," said JPL's Joel Hurowitz, a sampling system scientist on the Curiosity team. "We want to be sure the first sample we analyze is unambiguously Martian, so we take these steps to remove any residual material from Earth that might be on the walls of our sample handling system."

Rocknest is the name of the area of soil Curiosity will test and analyze. The rover pulled up to the windblown, sandy and dusty location Oct. 2. The Rocknest patch is about 8 feet by 16 feet (2.5 meters by 5 meters). The area provides plenty of area for scooping several times. Diverse rocks nearby provide targets for investigation with the instruments on Curiosity's mast during the weeks the rover is stationed at Rocknest for this first scooping campaign.

Curiosity's motorized, clamshell-shaped scoop is 1.8 inches (4.5 centimeters) wide, 2.8 inches (7 centimeters) long, and can sample to a depth of about 1.4 inches (3.5 centimeters). It is part of the collection and handling Martian rock analysis (CHIMRA) device on a turret of tools at the end of the rover's arm. CHIMRA also includes a series of chambers and labyrinths for sorting, sieving and portioning samples collected by the scoop or by the arm's percussive drill.

Following the work at Rocknest, the rover team plans to drive Curiosity about 100 yards (about 100 meters) eastward into the Glenelg area and select a rock as the first target for use of its drill.

JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology, manages the Mars Science Laboratory Project and built Curiosity.

For more about Curiosity, visit: http://www.nasa.gov/msl or http://mars.jpl.nasa.gov/msl .

You can follow the mission on Facebook and Twitter at: http://www.facebook.com/marscuriosity and http://www.twitter.com/marscuriosity .

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by NASA/Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/~3/fGTWK2P6kWQ/121004155335.htm

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Duck-bill dinosaurs had plant-pulverizing teeth more advanced than horses

ScienceDaily (Oct. 4, 2012) ? A team of paleontologists and engineers has found that duck-billed dinosaurs had an amazing capacity to chew tough and abrasive plants with grinding teeth more complex than those of cows, horses, and other well-known modern grazers. Their study, which is published October 4 in the journal Science, is the first to recover material properties from fossilized teeth.

Duck-bill dinosaurs, also known as hadrosaurids, were the dominant plant-eaters in what are now Europe, North America, and Asia during the Late Cretaceous about 85 million years ago. With broad jaws bearing as many as 1,400 teeth, hadrosaurids were previously thought to have chewing surfaces similar to other reptiles, which have teeth composed of just two tissues -- enamel, a hard hypermineralized material, and orthodentine, a soft bonelike tissue. But paleontologists who study the fossilized teeth of these animals in detail suspected that they were not that simple.

"We thought for a long time that there was more going on because you could just look at the surface of the tooth and see advanced topography, which suggests that there are many different tissues present," said Mark Norell, chair of the American Museum of Natural History's Division of Paleontology and an author on the paper.

To investigate the dinosaurs' dental structure and properties in depth, Norell worked with lead author Gregory Erickson, a biology professor at Florida State University, and a team of engineers on a series of novel experiments. Erickson sectioned the fossilized teeth and made microscope slides from them. These revealed that hadrosaurids actually had six different types of dental tissues -- four more than reptiles and two more than expert mammal grinders like horses, cows, and elephants. Using a technique called nanoindentation, in which a diamond-tipped probe is indented and/or drawn across the fossilized teeth to mimic the grinding of abrasive food, the researchers determined the differential hardness and wear rates of the dental tissues.

Erickson, who describes hadrosaurid dinosaurs as "walking pulp mills," said, "We were stunned to find that the mechanical properties of the teeth were preserved after 70 million years of fossilization." He went on to comment that "if you put these teeth back into a living dinosaur they would function perfectly."

In addition to the four dental tissues found in mammals -- enamel, orthodentine, secondary dentine that helps prevent cavities, and coronal cementum that supports the teeth's crests -- the hadrosaurid teeth include giant tubules and a thick mantle dentine. These extra tissues are thought to provide additional prevention against abscesses. Also unlike mammalian teeth, the dental tissue distribution in hadrosaurids greatly varied in each tooth.

Together, these characteristics suggest that hadrosaurids evolved the most advanced grinding capacity known in vertebrate animals, which might have led to their extensive diversification.

"Duck-bills' advanced tissue modification appears to have allowed them to radiate into specialized ecological niches where they ate extremely tough plants like fern, horsetail, and ground cover that were not as easy for dinosaurs with shearing teeth to eat," Norell said. "Their complex dentition could have played a major role in keeping them on the planet for nearly 35 million years."

In addition, the findings provide strong evidence that dental wear properties are preserved in fossil teeth -- an idea that was once questioned and overruled in this study with comparative tests on teeth from modern and fossilized horses and bison. This opens the door for studies on the dental biomechanics of fossils from wide-ranging groups of animals to better understand evolutionary modifications in diets.

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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by American Museum of Natural History, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. G. M. Erickson, B. A. Krick, M. Hamilton, G. R. Bourne, M. A. Norell, E. Lilleodden, W. G. Sawyer. Complex Dental Structure and Wear Biomechanics in Hadrosaurid Dinosaurs. Science, 2012; 338 (6103): 98 DOI: 10.1126/science.1224495

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_environment/~3/zQ-qT_EXygs/121004141753.htm

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