Quantifying climate impacts: New comprehensive model comparison launched

Public release date: 7-Feb-2012
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Contact: Jonas Viering
press@pik-potsdam.de
49-331-288-2507
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK)

Climate change has impacts on forests, fields, rivers -- and thereby on humans that breathe, eat and drink. To assess these impacts more accurately, a comprehensive comparison of computer-based simulations from all over the world will start this week. For the first time, sectors ranging from ecosystems to agriculture to water supplies and health will be scrutinized in a common framework.

The models will be provided by more than two dozen research groups from the United States, China, Germany, Austria, Kenya, and the Netherlands, among others. The scientists will investigate which results are robust, where there are uncertainties and why. The project will be coordinated by the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK) and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA).

Some results of the study will be available within 12 months from now for consideration and integration into the development of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) fifth Assessment Report, due for completion in 2014. The simulations will be based on the latest generation of climate scenarios covering a wide range of possible futures.

"We want to better understand how climate impacts differ between a global warming of two degrees compared to three degrees," says Katja Frieler of the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project coordinating team (ISI-MIP). The international community has set a target of two degrees, but unfettered emission of greenhouse gases sets the world on a path to three degrees or more. This seemingly small difference could have drastic impacts." These are calculated on the basis of observations and current understanding of the relevant processes," says Frieler. "We will examine to what extent they agree across models and quantify the uncertainty that remains."

"The project will help to fill a sore gap in the IPCC's report"

The global model comparison puts the focus squarely on humans. Water shortages in a region in Africa for instance could make it difficult for farmers to cultivate their fields, poor crops could lead to malnourishment and thus to a higher vulnerability to diseases, Frieler explains. The comparison could help to identify possible regional hotspots.

"The project will help to fill a sore gap in the IPCCs report," says Hans Joachim Schellnhuber, PIK director. Until now, there have been comprehensive model comparisons for the physics of the climate system as well as for the economy of climate protection and for climate impacts on specific sectors. To address all climate impacts at once is both an ambitious and necessary intent, says Schellnhuber. "It provides an essential strengthening of the grounds for the 2014 IPCC report."

Chris Field of the Carnegie Institution for Science in Stanford, California, expressed enthusiasm for the project. "As co-chair of IPCC Working Group II, I greatly appreciate the initiative required to get this activity underway, and I appreciate the commitment to fast-track components that will yield results in time for inclusion in the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report", says Field. The products that ISI-MIP envisions "will make a real difference for the assessment process." The IPCC Working Group II assesses impacts, adaptation and vulnerability.

"The time has come for this comparison"

Working Group III co-chair Ottmar Edenhofer from PIK also explicitly encouraged the impact intercomparison project. "A sound impact analysis is of high relevance for mitigation and adaptation assessment as well", says Edenhofer. "It enables us to do cost-benefit estimates that are critical for providing decision-makers with the information they need. We therefore strongly endorse the impact model intercomparison effort." Working group III of the IPCC focuses on climate change mitigation.

"The time has come for this comparison," says Pavel Kabat, Director of IIASA. "A multi-model cross-sectoral approach to projections of climate change impacts has not been available in the past. The ISI-MIP project is a significant and positive development in this regard. We have access to sophisticated models, vast quantities of high-quality data from many sectors and regions and an urgency to deliver a highly integrative analysis of our current knowledge about global impacts of climate change. We are confident that this project can deliver such an analysis."

###

For further information please contact:

PIK press office
Phone: +49 331 288 25 07
E-mail: press@pik-potsdam.de

IIASA press office
E-mail: regan@iiasa.ac.at
Phone: +43 2236 807 316

---

[ | E-mail | Share ]

?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Public release date: 7-Feb-2012
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Jonas Viering
press@pik-potsdam.de
49-331-288-2507
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK)

Climate change has impacts on forests, fields, rivers -- and thereby on humans that breathe, eat and drink. To assess these impacts more accurately, a comprehensive comparison of computer-based simulations from all over the world will start this week. For the first time, sectors ranging from ecosystems to agriculture to water supplies and health will be scrutinized in a common framework.

The models will be provided by more than two dozen research groups from the United States, China, Germany, Austria, Kenya, and the Netherlands, among others. The scientists will investigate which results are robust, where there are uncertainties and why. The project will be coordinated by the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK) and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA).

Some results of the study will be available within 12 months from now for consideration and integration into the development of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) fifth Assessment Report, due for completion in 2014. The simulations will be based on the latest generation of climate scenarios covering a wide range of possible futures.

"We want to better understand how climate impacts differ between a global warming of two degrees compared to three degrees," says Katja Frieler of the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project coordinating team (ISI-MIP). The international community has set a target of two degrees, but unfettered emission of greenhouse gases sets the world on a path to three degrees or more. This seemingly small difference could have drastic impacts." These are calculated on the basis of observations and current understanding of the relevant processes," says Frieler. "We will examine to what extent they agree across models and quantify the uncertainty that remains."

"The project will help to fill a sore gap in the IPCC's report"

The global model comparison puts the focus squarely on humans. Water shortages in a region in Africa for instance could make it difficult for farmers to cultivate their fields, poor crops could lead to malnourishment and thus to a higher vulnerability to diseases, Frieler explains. The comparison could help to identify possible regional hotspots.

"The project will help to fill a sore gap in the IPCCs report," says Hans Joachim Schellnhuber, PIK director. Until now, there have been comprehensive model comparisons for the physics of the climate system as well as for the economy of climate protection and for climate impacts on specific sectors. To address all climate impacts at once is both an ambitious and necessary intent, says Schellnhuber. "It provides an essential strengthening of the grounds for the 2014 IPCC report."

Chris Field of the Carnegie Institution for Science in Stanford, California, expressed enthusiasm for the project. "As co-chair of IPCC Working Group II, I greatly appreciate the initiative required to get this activity underway, and I appreciate the commitment to fast-track components that will yield results in time for inclusion in the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report", says Field. The products that ISI-MIP envisions "will make a real difference for the assessment process." The IPCC Working Group II assesses impacts, adaptation and vulnerability.

"The time has come for this comparison"

Working Group III co-chair Ottmar Edenhofer from PIK also explicitly encouraged the impact intercomparison project. "A sound impact analysis is of high relevance for mitigation and adaptation assessment as well", says Edenhofer. "It enables us to do cost-benefit estimates that are critical for providing decision-makers with the information they need. We therefore strongly endorse the impact model intercomparison effort." Working group III of the IPCC focuses on climate change mitigation.

"The time has come for this comparison," says Pavel Kabat, Director of IIASA. "A multi-model cross-sectoral approach to projections of climate change impacts has not been available in the past. The ISI-MIP project is a significant and positive development in this regard. We have access to sophisticated models, vast quantities of high-quality data from many sectors and regions and an urgency to deliver a highly integrative analysis of our current knowledge about global impacts of climate change. We are confident that this project can deliver such an analysis."

###

For further information please contact:

PIK press office
Phone: +49 331 288 25 07
E-mail: press@pik-potsdam.de

IIASA press office
E-mail: regan@iiasa.ac.at
Phone: +43 2236 807 316

---

[ | E-mail | Share ]

?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-02/pifc-qci020712.php

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meganmullallyxy - Dear New Business Owner: Welcome to Sales ...

[unable to retrieve full-text content]So, who is responsible for sales in your bright shining new business? Oh ? that?s probably you, isn?t it? With all of your hard work and preparation up to this point, how much time have you devoted to sales training to help ...

Source: http://meganmullallyxy.livejournal.com/35627.html

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Insurance ?Health Choice? AEGON | Medical Equipment Reviews

[unable to retrieve full-text content]A new product has hit the market AEGON ?Choosing Health, is located within the health insurance. As defined by AEGON, this product is a ?highly flexible which allows choose from the most basic coverage to more innovative coverage, ...

Source: http://www.medicalequipmentreviews.com/insurance-health-choice-aegon.html

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The Engadget Interview: the EFF's Mitch Stoltz talks the legality of jailbreaking

The work of a non-profit advocacy group is never done. It seems like just yesterday that the Electronic Frontier Foundation was waging a battle to put jailbreaking rights into the hands of consumers, much to the chagrin of manufacturers intent on maintaining control over their devices after they leave store shelves. With the looming expiration of an exemption to the Digital Millennium Copyright Act that has made such hacks legal, the organization is once again taking up the cause. And this time, it's added tablets and gaming consoles to its proposal. We sat down with EFF staff attorney Mitch Stoltz to discuss the state of the law and how users can help in the fight.

Continue reading The Engadget Interview: the EFF's Mitch Stoltz talks the legality of jailbreaking

The Engadget Interview: the EFF's Mitch Stoltz talks the legality of jailbreaking originally appeared on Engadget on Sat, 04 Feb 2012 12:00:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.

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Health and Fitness Articles | CBT Therapy-Defeat Depression

Friday, February 3rd, 2012 at 1:11 pm ?

Boiling down your weight requires plenty of guts for you personally so that you can accomplish your objectives with health and fitness articles. You have to concentrate and become decided to enable you to get effective weight loss outcomes. Using the many different ways to lose weight naturally presently, you ?ve plenty of choices that you should decide on. However, you need to know perfectly if these choices are ideal for you or not.

Understanding that you have several health and fitness articles alternatives which you can use for the weight-loss, most issues lie on how to begin. With this particular, allow me to provide you with powerful diet plan suggestions to lose weight naturally to get began.

1. Right Mindset and Setting Goals. Why is it necessary to lose fat? With this particular query, In my estimation, there are many factors how you get to endure weight loss. Write all of your factors how you get to lose weight naturally to make it as being your determination and motivation that you should begin your slim down food intake plan. Furthermore, place straight down all of your objectives particularly on what you would like to attain and what you would like to appear like couple of days after. Even so, although some are now being eager to lose weight naturally, they ?ve got objectives but they are not possible to attain. That ?s the reason actually need your objectives simple and easy attainable just for a couple of days to be able to keeping it and you?ll have time taking pleasure in your diet plan. Create short term and long term health and fitness articles so that you can realise improvement you might have accomplished.

2. Liquids and Refined Food items. Essential fluids are important in the process inside your weight loss program. Get plenty of fluids and get away from sugary beverages. These sugary beverages consist of higher sugar contents and fructose corn syrup. Most of these beverages will just enable you to get from your ideas. Therefore, it?s offered to simply preserve drinking water. Still, if you want to purchase and run through fruit juice within the shop, essay very first the content label whether it include low-calorie content material and it has no fatty acids.

Furthermore, in relation to processed food items, you need to stay away from consuming them given that they will simply provide the body with lots more fatty acids. Preserve consuming a smaller amount of them and concentrate on eating entire wheat.

3. Eat Foods and Do n?t Deprive On your own. With the help of health and fitness articles, consider your lose fat diet plan does n?t imply you need to prevent intoxicated by. You need to consume meals. However, rather than getting a few large foods consume 5 or 6 small meals. These 5 or 6 foods involves your breakfast time, lunch time, dinner and two snack food every single day.

4. Fibers and Exercise. Fibers are really important as things progress inside your weightloss program. Quite often, you?ll encounter in what you eat that you ?re irregular. With this particular, you?ll need fibers so that you can come with an simple digestive function.

5. Fruits and vegetables. The easiest method to use in meals as you ?ve your lose weight diet plan is to consume leafy green vegetables and fresh fruits. They ?re really safe and healthy. It provides the body with nutrition and may assistance in your daily diet.

Article Reference: Health and fitness articles and Article Directory.

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Filed under: Health

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Some Best Horse Racing Tips to Earn More and Losing Less | Free ...

If you want to win more money on horse races, or stop to lose so much, here are some tips that can help. The first tip is more of a disclaimer. Perhaps you?ve heard it before the, but I want to repeat it before we get into the business of betting on horses. Here it is; horse racing is a risky business, and you should never bet more than you can afford to lose, because it is not absolutely sure thing.

We?ve gotten that out of the way now; here are tips to lose less. Start with a mentality that you go to check you money by doing simple things that will make automatic money management so you can focus your full energy on picking the winners. One way to do that is to only as much money as you can afford to lose in the race track. If you are betting, then a limit online to set for yourself and stick to it. This could mean that you have a small path next to the computer and keep your bets, the victories and losses on writing.

?Wait a minute, ?you might say ?I can only check my balance online, I don?t need anything as hokey as pad next to the computer to know how much I have spent. ?

You is right, in a way; you can don?t need to save it, as long as you don?t mind constantly clicking this button to check the balance. You will have to keep in the back of mind and it may hinder the process of thought, however. That which I like console simple and time idea. The right is easy to say and always at hand. You know you?ll be, how far in the future or back you are.

Now that we?ve got to limit losses taken care of, let?s talk about picking more winners. Betting on the long shots is a great way to hit winners and make serious money. Chasing horses at odds long because you want a high score is also a good way to go broke. After all, are long shots for a reason. Longshots which really win and make money are rare and you should have a system to rate horses at odds much to know those who have a chance.

I don?t say you shouldn?t bet the longshots, some of my best day at the races was thanks to the long bet on horses. I, however, recommend that you stick with horses in the middle of the odds for most of the game. Favorites just don?t pay enough to make them profitable and longshots win so rare that you need a sizable bankroll to hang in there. To actually make a profit and stay in the game, the middle class are the odds the best tips, most of the time.

In the United Kingdom and other parts of the world, Australia. Less emphasis is placed on the blinding speed or fast pace over long Gallops Green was used to create the Foundation for a good horse, while gradually leading runners to compete.

Author Bio

Thanks for reading my article on horse racing tips. For more information and tips log on to http://www.justhorseracing.com.au

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Internet Marketing For Small Business: three methods To Increase ...

Friday, February 3rd, 2012 at 6:21 pm ?

Online marketing for your company has been increasingly more most toured. In case you are in posession of a small business, then you definitely must know that your chosen company can increase revenue by utilizing a web marketing plan attached to it. Online advertising, if done right, will bring in significantly more sales than traditional advertising. Many people don?t fully comprehend the concept of how large the stores can get using web marketing strategies. A firm or individual can increase revenue by 6 or 7 figures on a monthly basis for implementing what I am going to show you here. Listed here are 3 ways to increase your profits online alone.

Search engine advertising

This, in my view, is the best way to get a huge number of targeted traffic to your company website. When using online marketing for your company, advertising on search engines, like Google, Yahoo, and Bing, is key to get familiar with. Just targeting one keyword or keyword phrase the right way, will take you lots and lots of individuals to your online business website everyday. (See Example)

Example: For this example you?ve got a local golf store located in Atlanta so you want to advertise online. You post pictures of your respective products, and market them on your website. So for this example you want to target the keyword ?best these all so important accessories in Atlanta.? In case you target this keyword phrase right, you?re going to get tons traffic from people living across the North Georgia and Atlanta area. You will likewise make sales from individuals who never entered your store. There are numerous techniques to advertise online, this is only one some of how one can market anything using search engine advertising compared to just using traditional marketing.

You can find free methods and paid approaches to marketing into the search engines like google.

Free Methods:
This is certainly web site optimization or SEO. By knowing what keywords to aim at and ways to target them, you can find a huge number of free automatic traffic of persons seeking exactly what you have to offer. Google would be the no 1 information site in the world, and the best three websites on the earth. If you re able to access it the earliest 3 pages of Google alone, you have a profitable business.

Other ways to free search traffic: These would be free tactics that will bring you more SEM traffic.
Article
Affiliate marketing (YouTube) (Others)
Press Releases
Social bookmarking tools

Paid Methods:
There successful paid marketing methods that could bring a huge number of sales for your company. The initial is PPC or ?Pay Per Click? ads. You can Adword and gain an account. Those are the ads contained in the shaded area or else towards the sides of Google, Yahoo, and Bing. This is actually the commonest method many marketers perform. You must be careful using this, especially if done wrong you should lose the shirt away from back. However, many online adversing companies or self-employed marketers get the first page of Google, by only paying pennies to have a keyword. This is certainly something I do you can learn in just a moment.

Content Advertising is another efficient way to market your products or service or services online. It is here that you place ads on websites which may have to do together with your company or products. You may also achieve this inside Google AdWords.

Blogging To your Series
You might be thinking, ?My company already has a blog!? that?s great, but how could it possibly be create, plus how much traffic are you currently getting? Are you currently using traditional marketing into acquiring a mass level of people, on your blog, who don?t care, or are you using web marketing strategies to get target those who love you and just how you could solve their problem? Blogs are powerful, which in turn can increase revenue on your freelance business above you can imagine. It?s not about just possessing a blog, but concerning the content likewise. Also this goes coupled with free advertising in the search engines. You could discover how to optimize your blog and just get organic traffic. A web log needs to the center within your web marketing campaign within your freelance business.

You may also put an opt-in form on your own blog. Give away for free to build your list an incentive for anyone who sign up to your newsletter. This is often important, as you are may have these leads forever. They could not invest in you right then, but putting them on your subscribers list is an effective way to hold on your mind. Also updating all of them coupons keeps will eventually bring new customers from that the grandest.

Social Networking Sites

If you?re going to utilize web marketing in your small business, owning a Facebook fan page is important. This will psychologically build relationships with people, very like your wordpress blog. Here, you are able to offer tips and free incentives to people purely for becoming fan. People get on Facebook at least triple 3 times on a daily basis. Updating messages there ll hold on in contact with you. This is often also a more desirerable way to convey leads. People may not have your product immediately, but getting these to turn into a fan on face is just like having them on an the grandest. You are able to update post on your fan page in excess of your blog, because people visit Facebook greater than blogs.

To get people to your fan page, that can be done a few things. First you can put social widgets in your blog. When they your blog from, shall we say an enquiry result on Google, you will have a Facebook, twitter, YouTube, and rss icons if anyone is to affix you. You can also advertise through Facebook?s paid advertising, and have a link to your fan page. I really love the first way better.

atlanta internet marketing These are just 3 of many tactics to market your home based business using the world wide web. There exists more of a technical side to finding the pieces to fall in position to you. It s the learning curve that could be a challenge to get get past, and most of the people really never get past it. Website marketing for small business is significantly more most toured. Should you be did not get still using traditional marketing strategies, than you might be leaving millions at the party atlanta seo company.

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